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Water math, translated

Water rights trade in units nobody uses anywhere else — acre-feet, CFS, miner's inches. But when water decides what land is worth (and in half the country, it does), you need the conversions cold. Acre-feet to gallons, flow to volume, and a quick estimate of what a season of irrigation actually demands.

Gallons325,851
Cubic feet43,560
Olympic pools (660k gal)0.49
Typical households / year (~0.3 AF)3.3

Irrigation demand estimator

Rough seasonal applied-water ranges: wine grapes 12–30″ depending on region and style, almonds 36–48″, alfalfa 40–60″, pasture 30–50″. Your district or extension office has local numbers.

Season demand

300 AF

97,755,300 gallons

1 CFS = 449 gallons/minute ≈ 1.98 acre-feet/day

Good questions

How many gallons is an acre-foot?+

325,851 gallons — enough to cover one acre a foot deep. A typical suburban household uses about a third of an acre-foot per year; one irrigated acre of almonds can use three to four acre-feet per season.

What is CFS?+

Cubic feet per second, the standard measure of flowing water. One CFS is about 449 gallons per minute, and running for a full day delivers just under two acre-feet.

How much water does a vineyard need?+

Wine grapes are among the thriftiest crops: commonly 12–30 inches of applied water per season depending on region, rootstock and style — a fraction of what nuts or alfalfa demand. That water efficiency is part of why vineyard land holds value in dry years.

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